The
Care and Pruning of Large Trees
From
the Nebraska Forest Service
Storm Damage Bulletin No. 4
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Storm damage to large trees can cause
larger problems. These problems can exist immediately after the
storm or become evident many months or even years after the storm.
Since large trees involve large branches and heavy weight, it is
best to leave this kind of storm repair to qualified professional
arborists (Refer to Storm Damage Bulletin #2, How to Select an
Arborist). Here are some things that you can do to help larger trees
recover from storm damage.
Tree Inspection
Inspect trees carefully following any
heavy storm, particularly if the tree in question has suffered
previous storm damage. Look for splits and cracks in the trunk or
major limbs. Make note of any areas where water appears to be
seeping from within the tree. Inspect the root collar area to look
for uplifted soil or disturbed roots. If any of these conditions
exist then it is important to have your tree inspected by a
qualified professional arborist.
Pruning
Pruning large trees should be left to
a professional arborist. Working in larger trees can be dangerous
due to the heavy weights of branches. In addition, larger trees may
be located near or under utility transmission lines. Working around
utility lines is also dangerous. Special training is required for
arborists to prune trees when a utility line is involved. If you
suspect your tree needs pruning contact a qualified professional
arborist. If utility lines are involved contact your local utility
company immediately.
The top priority for pruning after a
storm should be to make the tree safe (Refer to Storm Damage
Bulletin #1, Immediate Care for Storm Damaged Trees). After this has
been accomplished the tree should be evaluated for reconstructive
pruning needs. The object is to maintain as many live branches in
the crown of the tree as possible so that sufficient leaf cover is
maintained to return the tree to normal vigor. At the same time it
is important to removed severely damaged branches and minimize open
wounds that will lead to decay.
Severely damaged branches should be
pruned back to live laterals using proper pruning cuts (Refer to
Storm Damage Bulletin #3 - Pruning Storm Damaged Trees)
Mulching
Mulching is good for large trees as
well as small trees. Stressed trees can be assisted by providing a
mulched area around the tree. Spread mulch to a distance of at least
two to three feet from the base of the tree. Wood or bark chips are
the best mulch. Maintain a depth of about 2 to 4 inches and do not
pile mulch up against the trunk.
Fertilization
Fertilization is not recommended for
damaged or stressed trees. Use of fertilizer can upset the natural
defense mechanisms of a tree and can actually cause more harm than
good.
Removal
Determining whether or not a tree
should be removed is a difficult decision for most homeowners. Major
splits or cracks in the main trunk or in one or more major limbs may
render the tree unsafe and require removal. In some cases, cable and
brace work may be a viable option. Cable and bracing should only be
done by a qualified arborist. If done improperly, the tree will
remain in an unsafe condition.
If more than 50% of the tree's living
crown has been destroyed then removal may be recommended. Be aware,
however that if the root system of the tree is intact, then the
crown will re-grow. Think carefully about the function that your
tree performs in the landscape. If this function (screening, shade,
wind protection) is still being performed, then you may want to try
to salvage the tree for a few more years while you plan for and
begin replanting.
Although tree removal is a last
resort, there are circumstances when it is necessary. An arborist
can help decide whether or not a tree should be removed.
Professionally trained arborists have the skills and equipment to
safely and efficiently remove trees.
Professional Arborists
In all cases where larger trees are
involved it is best that homeowners seriously consider the use of a
professional arborist. Lists of certified arborists can be obtained
through the Nebraska Arborists Association, Box 81414, Lincoln, NE
68501-1414 (402-476-3852) or the International Society of
Arboriculture, Box GG, Savoy, IL 61874-9902 (217-355-9411). Many
cities require licensing of arborists. Call and ask for a list of
licensed arborists in your community.
Additional Information
For more information contact your
local University of Nebraska County Extension Office or visit the
UNL-Nebraska Forest Service Community Forestry web site
http://ianrwww.unl.edu
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